Với số tự nhiên n, \(n\ge3\). Đặt \(S_n=\dfrac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\). Chứng minh: \(S_n< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
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16 tháng 9 2018 lúc 22:49
Với số tự nhiên n , \(n\ge3\)
Đặt \(S_n=\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(S_n< \frac{1}{2}\)
Ta co:
\(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1+n}< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
Ap vào bài toan được
\(S_n=\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
\(< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\)
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iopdtg5 r4ytr'hfgo;hrt687y5t53434]\trvf;lkg
Với mỗi số nguyên dương \(n\le2008\) đặt \(S_n=a^n+b^n\) với \(a=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}\), \(b=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
CMR với \(n\ge1\) ta có \(S_n-2=\left[\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}\right)^n-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}\right)^n\right]^2\)
Câu trả lời ở đây: https://dethihsg.com/de-thi-hoc-sinh-gioi-toan-9-phong-gddt-cam-thuy-2011-2012/amp/
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1 a,Limsqrt{1+2n-n^3}b,Limsqrt{n^2+2n+3}-sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}c,Limdfrac{left(2sqrt{n}+1right)left(sqrt{n}+3right)}{left(n+1right)left(n+2right)}d,dfrac{4^{n+1}-3times2^n}{3^{n+2}+2^n}e,dfrac{7^{n+1}-5^{n+2}+3}{2times6^{n+1}-3^n+3}f,dfrac{sqrt{n^4+1}}{n} -dfrac{sqrt{4n^6+1}}{n}
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1
a,Lim\(\sqrt{1+2n-n^3}\)
b,Lim\(\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}-\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}\)
c,Lim\(\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{n}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+3\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
d,\(\dfrac{4^{n+1}-3\times2^n}{3^{n+2}+2^n}\)
e,\(\dfrac{7^{n+1}-5^{n+2}+3}{2\times6^{n+1}-3^n+3}\)
f,\(\dfrac{\sqrt{n^4+1}}{n}\) -\(\dfrac{\sqrt{4n^6+1}}{n}\)
\(a=\lim\sqrt{n^3}\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^3}+\dfrac{2}{n^2}-1}=\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)
\(b=\lim\left(\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}-n+n-\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}\right)\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2n+3}{\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}+n}+\lim\dfrac{-n^2}{n^2+n\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}+\sqrt[3]{\left(n^2+n^3\right)^2}}\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2+\dfrac{3}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}+1}+\lim\dfrac{-1}{1+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{n}+1}+\sqrt[3]{\left(\dfrac{1}{n}+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{3}{n}\right)}{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{2}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{0.0}{1.1}=0\)
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\(d=\lim\dfrac{4-3\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}{9.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n+\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}=\dfrac{4}{0}=+\infty\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{7-25\left(\dfrac{5}{7}\right)^n+3.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}{12.\left(\dfrac{6}{7}\right)^n-\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^n+3\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}=\dfrac{7}{0}=+\infty\)
\(f=\lim\dfrac{n^4-4n^6}{n\left(\sqrt{n^4+1}+\sqrt{4n^6+1}\right)}=\lim\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{n^2}-6}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^6}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n^4}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}}=\dfrac{-6}{0}=-\infty\)
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CMR:
A=\(\dfrac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\dfrac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)<\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
by AM-GM: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+n+1}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)
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chứng minh rằng với số tự nhiên n,n lớn hơn 4 ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Do đó:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(VT=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}< 1\) (đpcm)
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Rút gọn:
A dfrac{4+sqrt{7}}{3sqrt{2}+sqrt{4+sqrt{7}}}+dfrac{4-sqrt{7}}{3sqrt{2}-sqrt{4-sqrt{7}}}
B dfrac{3sqrt{2}+sqrt{11}}{sqrt{2}+sqrt{6+sqrt{11}}}+dfrac{3sqrt{2}-sqrt{11}}{sqrt{2}-sqrt{6-sqrt{11}}}+18
C dfrac{1}{sqrt{3}+sqrt{5}}+dfrac{1}{sqrt{5}+sqrt{7}}+...+dfrac{1}{sqrt{2n+1}+sqrt{2n+3}}với n thuộc N*
D left(sqrt{3}+1right)left(sqrt{5}-1right)left(sqrt{15}-1right)left(7-2sqrt{3}+sqrt{5}right)
Edfrac{left(4+sqrt{3}right)}{sqrt[]{1}+sqrt{3}}+dfrac{left(8+sqrt{15}right)}{sqrt{3}+sqrt...
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Rút gọn:
A = \(\dfrac{4+\sqrt{7}}{3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}}+\dfrac{4-\sqrt{7}}{3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}}\)
B = \(\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{11}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6+\sqrt{11}}}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{11}}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6-\sqrt{11}}}+18\)
C = \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{7}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}+\sqrt{2n+3}}\)với n thuộc N*
D = \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{15}-1\right)\left(7-2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
E=\(\dfrac{\left(4+\sqrt{3}\right)}{\sqrt[]{1}+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\left(8+\sqrt{15}\right)}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}+...+\dfrac{2k+\sqrt{k^2-1}}{\sqrt{k-1}+\sqrt{k+1}}+...+\dfrac{240+\sqrt{14399}}{\sqrt{119}+\sqrt{121}}\)
F = \(\left(\dfrac{2a+1}{a\sqrt{a}-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{a}+1}\right)\left(\dfrac{1+a\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{a}}-\sqrt{a}\right)\) với a >= 0 và a khác 1
Chứng minh rằng với mọi số nguyên dương n, p ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+1\right)\sqrt[p]{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2+1\right)\sqrt[p]{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt[p]{n}}\) < p
Chứng minh rằng với mọi số nguyên dương n, p ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+1\right)\sqrt[p]{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2+1\right)\sqrt[p]{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt[p]{n}}\) < p
1) Chứng minh rằng: 1+dfrac{1}{2sqrt{2}}+dfrac{1}{3sqrt{3}}+...+dfrac{1}{nsqrt{n}} 2sqrt{2}left(nin Nright)
2) Chứng minh rằng: dfrac{2}{3}+sqrt{n+1} 1+sqrt{2}+sqrt{3}+...+sqrt{n} dfrac{2}{3}left(n+1right)sqrt{n}
3) 2sqrt{n}-3 dfrac{1}{sqrt{2}}+dfrac{1}{sqrt{3}}+...+dfrac{1}{sqrt{n}} 2sqrt{n}-2
4) dfrac{sqrt{2}-sqrt{1}}{2+1}+dfrac{sqrt{3}-sqrt{2}}{3+2}+...+dfrac{sqrt{n+1}-sqrt{n}}{n+1+n} dfrac{1}{2}left(1-dfrac{1}{sqrt{n+1}}right)
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1) Chứng minh rằng: \(1+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\sqrt{n}}< 2\sqrt{2}\left(n\in N\right)\)
2) Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\sqrt{n+1}< 1+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{n}< \dfrac{2}{3}\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}\)
3) \(2\sqrt{n}-3< \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}< 2\sqrt{n}-2\)
4) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{2+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3+2}+...+\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1+n}< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)